Robots that use electromagnetic forces to cling together and assume different shapes are being developed by researchers in America. These scientists hope to eventually create microscopic robots capable of morphing into virtually any form by clinging together.

While Seth Goldstien, leader of the research project at Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, America, admits this is a distant prospect, his team are using simulations to develop control startegies for futuristic shape-shifting, or ‘claytronic’ robots, which they are testing on small groups of more primitive, pocket-sized machines. These prototype robots use electromagentic forces to manoeuvre themselves, communicate and share power.

One set of claytronic prototypes were cylindrical, wheeled robots with a ring of electromagnets around their edge, which they used to grab hold of one another. By switching these electromagnets on and off, the so-called “claytronic atoms” or “catoms” could securely attach and roll around each other as shown in the video.

The robot’s wheels were not powered, so they had to rely entirely on their magnets to manoeuvre themselves around. Since using magnetic forces are less efficient at smaller scales, the team has now begun experimenting with electric forces instead.

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