Researchers from the University of California Davis (UCD) has developed ‘Smart’ contact lenses that measure pressure within the eye and dispense medication accordingly.

Starting with a material called polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), researcher from UCD developed a method for placing powdered silver on the PDMS in a precise pattern, to create conductive wires.

The researchers, including Tingrui Pan and Hailin Cong, then shaped the PDMS-silver into a contact-lens shape, and showed its function as a pressure sensor.

Glaucoma, a build-up of pressure in the eye, is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. A contact lens that could continuously measure pressure within the eye and relay the data to a computer, allowing doctors to learn more about glaucoma and improve patient treatment.

The researchers plan to apply for approval to begin trials for the lenses in humans.

Chemical engineering researchers at McMaster University have found that hyaluronic acid, a common fluid found in the body, can be used as a natural moisturising agent in contact lenses, without affecting optical properties.

Hyaluronic acid is a natural polymer that acts to reduce friction. On average a person has 15g of hyaluronic acid in their body, a third of which is replenished daily. The body uses hyaluronic acid to repair skin, provide resiliency in cartilage, and contribute to the growth and movement or cells. It is also used in the medical profession to treat patients with dry eyes, in cataract surgery and for other eye-related procedures.

In addition to preventing dryness commonly experienced by contact lens wearers, hyaluronic acid also considerably reduces the build-up of proteins that can cloud contact lens material.

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